Carpenter&#39;s framing-square.



1 No. 830,322. PATENTED SEPT. 4, 1906.

L. M. HODGB. CARPENTERS FRAMING SQUARE.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 13,1906.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES: INVE/ WOR lemma-EM]! amid 4; 1e.

ATTORNEYS 1y; NORRIS PIYERS co. WASHINGTON, D c.

N 2- PATENTED SEPT. 4, 1906.

0 880 32 L. M. HODGB.

GARPENTERS FRAMING SQUARE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13.1905.

'3 SHBETS -SHEET 2.

INVENTOI? WITNESSES.

Arron Tu: NUIRIS Prrzns co, wAsnmcron, a c.

EAT-11mm) SEPT, 4, 1906. 1.. M. 110mm 3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 13.1906.

CARPENTERS FRAMING SQUARE-v .TME NORRIS PETERS co, \vnsnmumn, n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEONARD MARION HODGE, OF SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO WILLIS P. HOLMES, OF SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA.

CARPENTERS FRAMING-SQUARE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 4, 1906.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD MARION HODGE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of San Jose, in the county of Santa Clara and State of California, have invented a new and Improved Oarpenters Framing- Square, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to carpenters tools, and especially to the type of tool used by such artisans for laying out bevel-cuts for a saw.

The object of the invention is to produce a tool of this class which is especially useful in the construction and framing of roofs.

A special object of the invention is to provide a square of such construction that all of the bevels may be laid off from the square after one setting operation.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts to be more fully described hereinafter and definitely stated in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similarreference characters designate similar parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a plan of the tool, showing the same applied to two short sections of timber. Fi 2 is a cross-section taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, upon an enlarged scale. Fig. 3 is an e arged plan of a portion of the tool, certain parts being broken away, as will appear. Fig. 5 is a plan of another portion of the tool not shown in Fig. 3, and Fig. 3 shows the portion of the tool beyond that shown in Fig. 3". It will be understood that these last three views taken together will show the complete instrument upon an enlarged scale.

Referring more particularly to the parts, and especially to Figs. '1 and 2, A represents the handle stock or body of the square. It is formed of two parallel bars 2, presenting an opening 3 therebetween. At one extremity in the opening 3 a blade O is pivotally attached by means of a bolt 4 and a thumb-nut 5. Near the middle portion of this blade O a blade B is pivotally mounted upon a pin 6, and this blade extends toward-the stool: A, passing through the opening 3. One of the bars 2 of the body A is provided with a longitudinally-disposed slot 7, and a corresponding slot 8 is formed in the blade B in the outer portion thereof. Throu h these slots 7 and 8, which intersect, as indicated, a clampingbolt 9 passes. This clamping-bolt affords means for rigidly securing the blade B to the handle in any desired position within certain limits. Near the inner extremity of the blade O a longitudinal slot 10 is formed, in which a blade D is adjustably secured by means of a tongue 11 and a clamping-bolt 11. This blade D projects at right angles to the blade 0, as indicated. The outer extremity of the blade O is cut in such a manner as to form a projecting shoulder 12, and the outer extremity of the blade B is of increased thickness beyond the line 13, at which point a shoulder 14 is formed corresponding to shoulder 12 and adapted to receive the same, it being understood that if the blade C were rotated down upon the pivot-bolt 4 the extremity of the blade would come to the line 13 in such a manner as to form a joint. The blade B would then dispose itselfin the outer portion of the opening 3. These shoulders 12 and 14 operate not only to limit the inward movement of the blade C, but also to insure that in opening the instrument the parts will be moved in the proper direction.-

Referrin now especially to Figs. 3, 3*, and 8 I provide the upper edge 15 of the handle A with graduations l6 and 17, and near the left is a mark 18, having the number 45 near the same. blade B two similar sets of graduations 20 and 21 are arranged. These numbers all represent a given rise for a given run of a rafter. The set of graduations 16 cooperate with the set 20 and the set 17 with the set 21. The sets of graduations 16 and 20 refer to the rises of common jack-rafters for square roofs,

On the upper edge 19 of the while the graduations 17 and 2]. refer to 06- tagonal roofs and to the hips and valleys thereof. In using these graduations to determine the angles or bevels of the cuts to be made with the saw on the j aoks the blade B would be manipulated so as to bring the corresponding numerals of the corresponding sets together. Thus, if the pitch ratio of the roof were twelve to twelve, the blade B would be manipulated so as to bring the number 12 on the graduations 20 into alinement with the number 12 of the set of gradua-' tions 16. The edge 19 would then-indicate the proper bevel for the side bevel across'the the seat-cut for the rafter, which is found in the angle or triangularpoin't'Kf. In this way when the square has' been set for the roper pitch the three bevels of the jack are in 'cated on the square and may be laid off immediately by properly applying the square to the timber On the lower edge'of the slot '7 graduations 24 are provided, which are used'for finding the bevels for the'jacks of octagonal roofs, and a corresponding set 25 of gradua-- tions are arranged on the loweredge' and outer extremity of the blade B, The manipulation of the instrument wouldbe the same as'before in finding the bevels for 00,- tagonal jacks, it being understood that" the corresponding numbers representing the' pitch ratio of the roof would be brought into alinement. Similar sets of graduations are placed on the stock A and blade B, which will give the bevels for common or octagonal hips and'valleys, also for common "or octagonal raking plancher edge cuts. Also the bevels for common or octagonal hip backing maybe found in the same manner. f 7 At suitable points on the'handle A tables 26, 27 and 28'are placed, which will give the lengths of rafters for different roof pitches.

The edge of the blade 0, which is remote from the direction in which the blade B BX- tends, is formed into a scale indicating inches, as shown. The edges of the blade D are likewise formed into scales. It will be observed that by loosening th clampin -screw 11 the blade D can be shifted on the b ade 0 toward or from the body A of the square. In this way any desired rise from the edge of the blade D to the back of the rafters can be produced in laying off the seat-bevel. The rakin planchercuts also ive the angles for botl l face andedge cuts for facies, sheathing, shingles, &c., at the hips and valleys of both square and octagonal roofs. The blades 0 and D enable mortises or tenons to be cut in an inclined position upon a timber. The blade O being held rigidly upon the body A'would be shifted into .a position parallel with the former position in order to lay off two of the sides of the tenon, and the blade D could beshifted upon the blade 0 so as to give the other two sides of the tenon.

In a similar manner housings and stringers for The blade D in connection with the blade 0 gives stairs could be laid out at any desired pitch. Ifit were desired to use the square for making mortises or tenons'the sides of which are parallel with the sidesof the timber, the blade B would then be adjusted untilthe graduation on its edgemarked45 comes to the 45 mark 18 referred to above.

;When'cla'mped in this position, it would hold .theblade C at right angles to the body A, and

the plate D would then be parallelwith the bodyA and with the sides-of the timber rest- 'ing against the body .edges of the blades 0 and D would afford, .means for drawing 'lines'pjarallel With the A. In this way the axis of the'timber or transverse thereto, and

Furthermore, the blade B may be ad:

sired, both blades B and-Dmaybe entirely detached, leavin only the blade C, and the strument may t en be used as an' ordinary bevel or square. y Y 77 V V "While I- refer to use the form of body'A which has been described, this form is not essential, and it should be'understood that the essential feature of the. instrument in this particular is the runnin and free connection.

between the blade B'an the bodyA'.

Having thus describedmy invention, I

claim as new and desire to secure .by Letters Patent, l i

-11 In an instrumentof the class de scribed having a body, a blade pivoted thereto, a second blade pivoted to said first blade andiad justably connected with said body, and a" third blade carried by said first blade and proi jecting away from said second blade in adirection substantially at right angles to said first blade.

2; In an instrument of the class describe-d, having a body, a blade pivoted thereto, a second blade pivoted to the first blade and adjustably connected with said body, and a third blade projectin away from the said to said firstblade at right angles thereto and having unobstructed second blade attache marking edges on each sidethereof.

3. An instrument of the class described, having a body, a blade having a pivotal connection therewith, a second blade having a V pivotal connection with said first blade, means for adjustably connecting said second blade to said body, said second blade and said body having cooperating graduations, a In testimony whereof I have signed my third blade attached substantially at right name to this specification in the presence of angles to said first blade between said pivotal two subscribing Witnesses.

connections and projecting away from said LEONARD MARION HODGE. second blade, and means for guiding said Witnesses:

' third blade longitudinally upon said first VVEsLEY PIEPER,

blade. 1 VIOLA W. TURNEY. 

